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Islam and the Political System of Iran
Kafková, Michaela ; Lisa, Aleš (advisor) ; Prorok, Vladimír (referee)
The main topic of the diploma thesis is the influence of the islamic religion over the political system of The Islamic Republic of Iran. The thesis includes characteristics of the emergence of islam and expansion, and a summary of the main types of Islam, focusing on Shia Islam. Following is a summary of the development of the governmental units, which existed on the territory of todays Iran, including descriptions of the political systems. It focuses on the role of the social class of so called ulamá (Shia clerics). The thesis then characterizes the government of the Pahlavi Dynasty, the Islamic Revolution, and the current political system of Iran. Afterwards it describes the current domestic and foreign policies of Iran, the Iranian nuclear program issue, and human rights conditions in the country. The objective of the Thesis is to answer the following questions: what are the main reasons of Irans negative approach to the western world (particularly the USA) and of the negative approach of the western world (particularly the USA) towards Iran; whether or not it is possible to call the current political system of Iran an orthodox theocracy; and whether or not Irans politics can be a potentional threat for the stability of todays world.
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Religion and Society in the Quran and Their Relationship to Pre-Islamic Arabia
Oudová Holcátová, Barbara ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Ťupek, Pavel (referee)
My goal in this thesis is to concentrate on the origins of Islam as we can understand it from the Quran itself, without using other, later sources. At the same time, I am interested in the relationship between pre-Islamic Arabia and early Islam. My method will be based primarily on Mary Douglas and her grid- group analysis. This British anthropologist attempted to analyse different social situations, in which various systems of understanding the world are formulated, using the parameters of "group" (the degree to which the borders of a group are defined) and "grid" (the number of rules by which an individual is controlled). These two parameters then made it possible for her to classify different cosmologies according to their ideas and their social reality. Applying this method, I will attempt to extract from the Quran - not primarily a narrative text - a description of the change of early Muslims' social situation and development of their religious ideas which is connected to it, and I will attempt to use Mary Douglas' anthropology to explain how such a transformation happened and could happen. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Identity and Status of Women in Islam on the example of Muslim Women in the Czech Republic
Svojšová, Kateřina ; Macků, Lucie (advisor) ; Fajfrlíková, Pavla (referee)
Goal of the thesis "The identity and status of women in islam on the exaple of muslim women in the Czech Republic" is to describe how muslim women who live in the Czech Republic perceives their identity and status and how they look on women who live in some muslim surroundings.
The theoretical part is describing islam like the second most widespread religion in the world, the use of faith in everyday life and then this part is describing the situation of women in connection with their socio-legal status.
In analytical part of the thesis is used qualitative research methods in the form of half-structuralized interviews. This interviews were recorded with ten muslim women who was born in Czech Republic or they live here for a long time. Questions were divided into four groups, which largely concerned the status of women and men in family, the status of women on Qur´an and islam and also by life itself of muslim women in the Czech Republic. Also, this part aims to describe how converting women perceive the role of women in the muslim surroundings.
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